Trabajo y salud en Ecuador desde una perspectiva combinada de género y clase social

Abstract

The present study analyzes how gender and occupational class influence the labor market and health inequities in Ecuador. Inequalities in access to formal and informal jobs, as well as in domestic and unpaid work, were investigated. Using a multinomial logistic regression model, employment and working conditions data corresponding to the years 2014, 2019, and 2023 were analyzed. The results showed that manual-class women are 6.96 times more likely to be in unpaid domestic work than non-manual occupational social-class men and 0.57 times less likely to be in formal sheltered employment. In addition, informal work perpetuates structural inequalities that mainly affect women. These findings demonstrate the persistence of gender and social class gaps in the Ecuadorian labor market, reflecting a structural inequality that limits access to fair and equitable labor opportunities. It is crucial to guarantee the access of women and workers of manual social classes to formal jobs, with decent working conditions and greater social protection. Keywords: Gender inequality, Occupational social class, Unpaid work, Informal work, Women.