Sistemas de comunicación vehicular: Análisis de tecnologías facilitadoras

Abstract

This project focuses on the optimization of communication in vehicular networks in dense urban environments through the evaluation of routing protocol performance. Channel congestion and instability in data transmission affect road safety and traffic management, making it necessary to analyze efficient protocols that minimize these problems. The objective is to identify the most suitable protocol in terms of latency, packet delivery ratio (PDR), and throughput. To achieve this, a simulation environment was implemented in OMNeT++, integrated with SUMO and using VEINS and INET, frameworks designed for vehicular network simulation and the evaluation of communication protocols. The AODV and DYMO protocols were evaluated in a vehicular network of 50 vehicles in urban scenarios. The simulations considered different levels of vehicular density, and the collected data were analyzed and compared, allowing for a rigorous evaluation of both protocols' performance. The results showed that AODV provides greater stability in data transmission, lower latency, and higher throughput compared to DYMO, which has significant control overhead in high-density networks. In conclusion, AODV is established as a more efficient option for urban vehicular networks, contributing to improved communication and safety in intelligent transportation systems. Keywords: vehicular networks, routing, AODV, DYMO, throughput