Dimensionamiento de un sistema de bombeo fotovoltaico para la agricultura a pequeña escala del cultivo de plátano en la costa de Ecuador

Abstract

This project aims to develop the technical design and evaluate the feasibility of a solar photovoltaic–powered sprinkler irrigation system for small-scale banana cultivation on the Ecuadorian coast, as an alternative to conventional systems dependent on fossil fuels. The study is justified by the need to optimize water and energy use in rural areas with limited access to the electrical grid and high production costs associated with traditional pumping systems. For the development of the project, field tests were conducted to characterize soil conditions, including infiltration, soil moisture retention, and tensiometer measurements. Based on these data, the net irrigation depth and irrigation frequency were determined. Subsequently, three photovoltaic pumping system alternatives were analyzed, considering flow rate, total dynamic head, component availability, and energy requirements. An economic evaluation was also carried out using financial indicators to assess long-term viability. The results allowed the determination of a net irrigation depth of 26.7 mm and the exclusion of one alternative due to operational limitations, identifying the most suitable option from a technical and economic perspective. It is concluded that the proposed system is viable in the long term, reduces operating costs, and contributes to sustainable water and energy management in agriculture. Keywords: renewable energy, water management, sustainable agriculture, pressurized irrigation