Evaluación antibacteriana de nanopartículas de plata biosintetizadas contra vibrio ssp presente en camarones

Abstract

The aquaculture industry in Ecuador faces important challenges due to the presence of pathogenic bacteria in shrimp, with Vibrio Parahaemolyticus and Campbellii being the most aggressive species, responsible for severe losses in the shrimp production cycle. The present project aims to synthesize silver nanoparticles using seaweed extract as a reducing and stabilizing agent, to develop a sustainable biotechnological alternative for the aquaculture industry. It is hypothesized that this method allows nanoparticles with effective antimicrobial properties against pathogens that affect shrimp production to be obtained. The justification is based on the need to have low-cost, safe and ecological inputs that contribute to the reduction of economic losses in the sector. For the development of the algae extract, the soxhlet extraction technique was selected, as it has a higher yield in polyphenols. Subsequently, an experiment design was carried out obtaining the optimal conditions for the synthesis of silver nanoparticles under parameters such as temperature, time, concentration and volume. The results showed the formation of stable nanoparticles, the characterization by techniques such as (UV-VIS/SEM/EDX/FTIR) allowed to confirm their morphology, size and uniform distribution, corroborating the presence of silver and elements associated with the stabilizing agent. Additionally, they were evaluated in vitro and in vivo inhibition assays to combat pathogenic shrimp bacteria. In conclusion, the methodology is efficient, reproducible and represents a viable alternative for aquaculture applications. Keywords: Nanotechnology, polyphenols, characterization, inhibition.