Evaluación in vitro de bioeficacia de tres aislamientos y un consorcio de trichoderma spp. sobre Rralstonia solanacearum

Abstract

CONDITION FOR PUBLICATION OF PROJECT. Banana cultivation, particularly in Ecuador, is threatened by bacterial wilt or Moko disease, caused by the bacterial complex Ralstonia solanacearum (Smith) race 2, phylotype 2. For this reason, agricultural biotechnology is investigating biocontrol agents due to their antagonistic properties and their ability to inhibit the development of plant pathogens. Given the importance of this crop, the present research aims to determine the bioefficacy level of Trichoderma spp. strains and the application of secondary metabolites that can be integrated into the mitigation management of the R. solanacearum bacterial complex. The research was conducted in the CIBE laboratories, where tests were established for mycelial development, in vitro inhibition through dual confrontation between the isolated monosporic Trichoderma strains (Tcalan, Tca7, and Tsn), and in vitro inhibition tests of secondary metabolites extracted from these strains against the plant pathogen. The results identified the Tcalan strain as having the highest mycelial development 29.3 mm, in addition to possessing the greatest in vitro inhibitory capacity against bacterial development 58 % evaluated at 96 hours, and whose secondary metabolites inhibited 100% of bacterial development in vitro. The data obtained from the inhibition evaluations of R. solanacearum contribute significantly to identifying the potential of monosporic strains and secondary metabolites excreted by Trichoderma, in addition to demonstrating the different capacities of each isolate. Keywords: Inhibition, dual confrontation, secondary metabolites, plant pathogen.