Identificación del extracto de orégano para el control de plagas en el cultivo de limón Citrus limón

Abstract

CONDITION FOR PUBLICATION OF PROJECT. The cultivation of lemon (Citrus limon) faces significant phytosanitary challenges due to pests such as Diaphorina citri and Phyllocnistis citrella. This bibliographic review aims to evaluate the efficacy of oregano (Origanum vulgare) extracts as a biological alternative for pest control. It is hypothesized that the essential oils of this plant contain active compounds with insecticidal properties, justifying their inclusion in integrated pest management strategies. A literature review was conducted covering scientific publications from 2000 to 2024, using specialized databases such as Scopus, Scielo, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Studies were selected based on strict inclusion and exclusion criteria, and the relevant findings were organized into a comparative matrix to systematize the information. The review included research involving bioactivity assays, foliar field applications, and in vitro tests related to the use of oregano extracts. The results showed that oregano extracts, particularly essential oils at concentrations of 3% or higher, significantly reduced the oviposition, mobility, and feeding activity of key pests. It is concluded that oregano extract is a viable ecological alternative for pest control in Citrus limon and can be integrated into sustainable agriculture practices. Keywords: oregano extract, biological control, agricultural pests, Citrus limon, essential oils, sustainable agriculture, integrated pest management